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Compare Djibouti (2001) - Christmas Island (2005)

Compare Djibouti (2001) z Christmas Island (2005)

 Djibouti (2001)Christmas Island (2005)
 DjiboutiChristmas Island
Administrative divisions 5 districts (cercles, singular - cercle); 'Ali Sabih, Dikhil, Djibouti, Obock, Tadjoura none (territory of Australia)
Age structure 0-14 years:
42.58% (male 98,314; female 97,859)

15-64 years:
54.58% (male 132,619; female 118,841)

65 years and over:
2.84% (male 6,787; female 6,280) (2001 est.)		 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products fruits, vegetables; goats, sheep, camels NA
Airports 12 (2000 est.) 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
10

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
5

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
22,000 sq km

land:
21,980 sq km

water:
20 sq km		 total: 135 sq km


land: 135 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Massachusetts about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC
Background The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas became Djibouti in 1977. A peace accord in 1994 ended a three-year uprising by Afars rebels. Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park.
Birth rate 40.66 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
Budget revenues:
$133 million

expenditures:
$187 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)		 revenues: NA


expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of NA
Capital Djibouti The Settlement
Climate desert; torrid, dry tropical with a wet and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds; wet season December to April
Coastline 314 km 138.9 km
Constitution multiparty constitution approved by referendum 4 September 1992 Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958)
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Djibouti

conventional short form:
Djibouti

former:
French Territory of the Afars and Issas, French Somaliland		 conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island


conventional short form: Christmas Island
Currency Djiboutian franc (DJF) -
Death rate 14.66 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
Debt - external $356 million (1999 est.) -
Dependency status - territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Donald YAMAMOTO

embassy:
Plateau du Serpent, Boulevard Marechal Joffre, Djibouti

mailing address:
B. P. 185, Djibouti

telephone:
[253] 35 39 95

FAX:
[253] 35 39 40		 none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador ROBLE Olhaye Oudine

chancery:
Suite 515, 1156 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005

telephone:
[1] (202) 331-0270

FAX:
[1] (202) 331-0302		 none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $106.3 million (1995) NA
Economy - overview The economy is based on service activities connected with the country's strategic location and status as a free trade zone in northeast Africa. Two-thirds of the inhabitants live in the capital city, the remainder being mostly nomadic herders. Scanty rainfall limits crop production to fruits and vegetables, and most food must be imported. Djibouti provides services as both a transit port for the region and an international transshipment and refueling center. It has few natural resources and little industry. The nation is, therefore, heavily dependent on foreign assistance to help support its balance of payments and to finance development projects. An unemployment rate of 40% to 50% continues to be a major problem. Inflation is not a concern, however, because of the fixed tie of the franc to the US dollar. Per capita consumption dropped an estimated 35% over the last seven years because of recession, civil war, and a high population growth rate (including immigrants and refugees). Faced with a multitude of economic difficulties, the government has fallen in arrears on long-term external debt and has been struggling to meet the stipulations of foreign aid donors. The year 2001 will see only small growth as port activity should decrease now that Ethiopia has more trade route options. Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, projected to begin operations in the near future
Electricity - consumption 167.4 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 180 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Lac Assal -155 m

highest point:
Moussa Ali 2,028 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Murray Hill 361 m
Environment - current issues inadequate supplies of potable water; desertification NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements		 -
Ethnic groups Somali 60%, Afar 35%, French, Arab, Ethiopian, and Italian 5% Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10%


note: no indigenous population (2001)
Exchange rates Djiboutian francs per US dollar - 177.721 (fixed rate since 1973) Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state:
President GUELLEH Ismail Omar (since 8 May 1999);

head of government:
Prime Minister DILLEITA Mohamed Dilleita (since 4 March 2001)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers responsible to the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 9 April 1999 (next to be held NA 2005); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
GUELLEH Ismail Omar elected president; percent of vote - GUELLEH Ismail Omar 74.4%, IDRIS Moussa Ahmed 25.6%		 chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator Evan WILLIAMS (since 1 November 2003)


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
Exports $260 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.) NA
Exports - commodities reexports, hides and skins, coffee (in transit) phosphate
Exports - partners Somalia 53%, Yemen 23%, Ethiopia 5%, (1998) Australia, NZ
Fiscal year calendar year 1 July - 30 June
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of light blue (top) and light green with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bearing a red five-pointed star in the center the flag of Australia is used; note - in early 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a design competition for an island flag, however, the winning design has never been formally adopted as the official flag of the territory
GDP purchasing power parity - $574 million (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
3%

industry:
22%

services:
75% (1998 est.)		 agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,300 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 2% (2000 est.) NA
Geographic coordinates 11 30 N, 43 00 E 10 30 S, 105 40 E
Geography - note strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes and close to Arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into Ethiopia; mostly wasteland located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean
Highways total:
2,890 km

paved:
364 km

unpaved:
2,526 km (1996)		 total: 240 km


paved: 30 km


unpaved: 210 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Imports $440 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.) NA
Imports - commodities foods, beverages, transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum products consumer goods
Imports - partners France 13%, Ethiopia 12%, Italy 9%, Saudi Arabia 6%, UK 6% (1998) principally Australia
Independence 27 June 1977 (from France) none (territory of Australia)
Industrial production growth rate 3% (1996 est.) -
Industries limited to a few small-scale enterprises, such as dairy products and mineral-water bottling tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion)
Infant mortality rate 101.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2% (2000 est.) -
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WToO, WTrO none
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Cour Supreme Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court
Labor force 282,000 NA
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 75%, industry 11%, services 14% (1991 est.) NA
Land boundaries total:
508 km

border countries:
Eritrea 113 km, Ethiopia 337 km, Somalia 58 km		 0 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
9%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
91% (1993 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100%


note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park (2001)
Languages French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar English (official), Chinese, Malay
Legal system based on French civil law system, traditional practices, and Islamic law under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law
Legislative branch unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (65 seats; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)

elections:
last held 19 December 1997 (next to be held NA 2002)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - RPP 65; note - RPP (the ruling party) dominated the election		 unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held 3 May 2003 (next to be held in 2005)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9
Life expectancy at birth total population:
51.21 years

male:
49.37 years

female:
53.1 years (2001 est.)		 total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
46.2%

male:
60.3%

female:
32.7% (1995 est.)		 NA
Location Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and Somalia Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia
Map references Africa Southeast Asia
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,369 GRT/3,030 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 1 (2000 est.)		 -
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Australia
Military branches Djibouti National Army (includes Navy and Air Force) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $23 million (FY97) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 4.5% (FY97) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
108,038 (2001 est.)		 -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
63,589 (2001 est.)		 -
National holiday Independence Day, 27 June (1977) Australia Day, 26 January (1788)
Nationality noun:
Djiboutian(s)

adjective:
Djiboutian		 noun: Christmas Islander(s)


adjective: Christmas Island
Natural hazards earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources geothermal areas phosphate, beaches
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA
People - note - the Australian Bureau of Statistics reports a population of 1,508 as of the 2001 Census
Political parties and leaders Democratic National Party or PND [ADEN Robleh Awaleh]; Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]; People's Progress Assembly or RPP (governing party) [Ismail Omar GELLEH] none
Political pressure groups and leaders Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy or FRUD and affiliates; Movement for Unity and Democracy or MUD none
Population 460,700 (July 2001 est.) 361 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 2.6% (2001 est.) 0% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Djibouti Flying Fish Cove
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004)
Radios 52,000 (1997) -
Railways total:
100 km (Djibouti segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad)

narrow gauge:
100 km 1.000-m gauge

note:
Djibouti and Ethiopia plan to revitalize the century-old railroad that links their capitals by 2003		 -
Religions Muslim 94%, Christian 6% Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.12 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.08 male(s)/female

total population:
1.07 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 NA
Suffrage NA years of age; universal adult -
Telephone system general assessment:
telephone facilities in the city of Djibouti are adequate as are the microwave radio relay connections to outlying areas of the country

domestic:
microwave radio relay network

international:
submarine cable to Jiddah, Suez, Sicily, Marseilles, Colombo, and Singapore; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; Medarabtel regional microwave radio relay telephone network		 general assessment: service provided by the Australian network


domestic: GSM mobile telephone service replaced older analog system in February 2005


international: country code - 61-891; satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use 8,000 (1997) NA
Telephones - mobile cellular 203 (1997) NA
Television broadcast stations 1 (plus 5 low-power repeaters) (1998) NA
Terrain coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau
Total fertility rate 5.72 children born/woman (2001 est.) NA
Unemployment rate 50% (2000 est.) -
Waterways none -
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